French Antilles and Guiana: on the international cocaine trafficking routes

The illegal production of synthetic drugs (e.g. amphetamines, MDMA/ecstasy, methamphetamine) poses significant environmental risks, including soil and water contamination.

In the 2000s, Brazil was confronted with the expansion of crack cocaine use, particularly among disadvantaged groups in its main urban centres. 

In French Polynesia, a major concern has arisen in recent years about the use of methamphetamine, imported from the United States in the form of crystals, known as “ice”.

Unlike in other parts of the world, poppy cultivation and opium use are recent phenomena in Mexican history.